PROCESS AND PIPING DIAGRAM

Process and Piping Diagram

1. Process flow diagram

•     Often called mechanical flow diagram (MFD).

•     Describe the purpose of the facility
  
•     Prepared by the process engineer

     Contains : all major items of equipment, Flow path of the process fluid, Operating conditions at each step of the process, Material balance.

2. Equipment Arrangement Diagram

•     Often called "Plot Plan"
  
• Scaled plan view of the facility showing the location of : all major equipment, Buildings, walkways and escape routes, Prevailing winds (optional).
• Prepared by the facility design engineer
• Indicates the proper spacing of equipment which : minimizes fire and gas hazards, Aids in planning and piping layout, Aids in electrical area classification, Aids in hazards analysis reviews.

3. Piping and instrument Diagram (P&ID)

• Prepared by the facility design engineer
  
• Provides : Drafting with necessary data to preparethe construction drawings, complete design detail relative to equipment and piping
• includes the mechanical design of each item
• Shows the piping and instrumentation of the process in considerably more detail than plot plan or process flow diagram. Such as : Control sensors and actuators, Valves and piping specially items, Process pressure, temperature and flow levels, Equipment sizes, Line sizes and "spec breaks"

4. Piping and equipment isometric diagram

• Consists of a three dimensional, non perspective pictorial
  
• Shows pipe elevation